Diputadas y senadoras del oficialismo y la oposición en una conferencia de prensa donde informaron los avances de la Comisión que indaga los feminicidios en Bolivia (foto: ABI).
Según datos de ONU Mujeres, el porcentaje se duplicó en los últimos 25 años; en 1995 era del 11%. La participación de las mujeres en la política y en la vida pública son vitales para alcanzar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
El porcentaje de mujeres en los parlamentos del mundo se ha duplicado en los últimos 25 años, del 11% en 1995 al 26% en 2021, logro que si bien es valorado por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Igualdad de Género y el Empoderamiento de la Mujer (ONU Mujeres) representa todavía un reto para la mayoría de las naciones.
La información corresponde a la más reciente actualización (septiembre de 2021) del reporte “Igualdad de género: dónde nos encontramos hoy”, publicado por este organismo en su página web.
“La participación y el liderazgo de las mujeres en la política y la vida pública en pie de igualdad son fundamentales para alcanzar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) antes de 2030. Sin embargo, los datos muestran que la representación de las mujeres es insuficiente en todos los niveles de toma de decisiones del mundo. Por tanto, alcanzar la paridad de género en la política es aún lejano”, se lee en el portal.
Entre los datos más relevantes acerca de esta temática destacan:
- Apenas cuatro países cuentan con el 50% o cerca del 50% de representación de mujeres en las cámaras bajas o únicas de los parlamentos. Rwanda, con el 61%; Cuba, con el 53%; Emiratos Árabes Unidos, con el 50% y Bolivia, con el 46,92% en Diputados y 55,56% en el Senado.
- Otros 19 países han alcanzado o superado el 40%, entre ellos, nueve países europeos, cinco de la región de América Latina y el Caribe, cuatro africanos y uno en el área del Pacífico.
- Más de dos tercios de dichos países han implementado cuotas de género —ya sean cuotas legisladas de postulantes o cargos reservados—, lo que generó el espacio para la participación política de las mujeres en los parlamentos nacionales.
- En todo el mundo, existen 27 Estados en los que las mujeres ocupan menos del 10% de los escaños parlamentarios disponibles en las cámaras bajas o únicas, entre ellos, cuatro países sin ninguna mujer en sus cámaras bajas/únicas.
- En América Latina y el Caribe, Europa y América del Norte, las mujeres ocupan más del 30% de los escaños parlamentarios. En África del Norte, Asia Occidental y Oceanía, las mujeres representan menos del 17% de los escaños parlamentarios. Los Estados insulares del Pacífico registran la representación más baja de las mujeres: solo el 6% de los cargos, y tres países no tienen mujeres en sus parlamentos.
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